Comprehensive review on ultrasound-responsive theranostic nanomaterials: mechanisms, structures and medical applications

• Sepand Tehrani Fateh,
• Lida Moradi,
• Elmira Kohan,
• Michael R. Hamblin and
• Amin Shiralizadeh Dezfuli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 808–862, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.64

• ), are great candidates for ADV because they have low cytotoxicity and low solubility in aqueous media. In the last decade, ADV has been employed for vessel occlusion therapy, drug delivery, HIFU, tissue lesion formation, and molecular imaging [128][129]. Previous studies showed that a combination of two

Growth of a self-assembled monolayer decoupled from the substrate: nucleation on-command using buffer layers

• Robby Reynaerts,
• Kunal S. Mali and
• Steven De Feyter

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1291–1302, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.113

• Robby Reynaerts Kunal S. Mali Steven De Feyter Department of Chemistry, Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium 10.3762/bjnano.11.113 Abstract Structural polymorphism is ubiquitous in physisorbed self-assembled monolayers formed at the

Antimony deposition onto Au(111) and insertion of Mg

• Lingxing Zan,
• Da Xing,
• Abdelaziz Ali Abd-El-Latif and
• Helmut Baltruschat

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2541–2552, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.245

• available STM scanner (Molecular Imaging/Agilent Technologies) fitted with a so-called STM/AFM electrochemical cell as previously described [24]. Pt and Au wires were used as a quasi-reference electrode (EPt/PtO = 0.9 V vs RHE) and a counter electrode, respectively. The reference electrode was immersed in a

Nonlinear absorption and scattering of a single plasmonic nanostructure characterized by x-scan technique

• Tushar C. Jagadale,
• Dhanya S. Murali and
• Shi-Wei Chu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2182–2191, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.211

• Tushar C. Jagadale Dhanya S. Murali Shi-Wei Chu Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, No.1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan Technical Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India Molecular Imaging Centre, National Taiwan University, No.1, Sec. 4

Nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond for nanoscale magnetic resonance imaging applications

• Alberto Boretti,
• Lorenzo Rosa,
• Jonathan Blackledge and
• Stefania Castelletto

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2128–2151, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.207

• NV magnetometer and the related MRI contrast. MRI contrast is thus correlated to submicrometer resolution and nanotesla sensitivity magnetic field measurements in biological samples. Molecular-imaging agents such as iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) can strongly influence MRI images with their

Microbubbles decorated with dendronized magnetic nanoparticles for biomedical imaging: effective stabilization via fluorous interactions

• Da Shi,
• Justine Wallyn,
• Dinh-Vu Nguyen,
• Francis Perton,
• Delphine Felder-Flesch,
• Sylvie Bégin-Colin,
• Mounir Maaloum and
• Marie Pierre Krafft

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2103–2115, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.205

• , micrometer-sized gas particles dispersed in an aqueous medium, are clinically used as contrast agents for ultrasound imaging, including molecular imaging, and actively investigated for surgical ablation, targeted drug and gene delivery [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. They are also being examined for use, in

Gold-coated plant virus as computed tomography imaging contrast agent

• Alaa A. A. Aljabali,
• Mazhar S. Al Zoubi,
• Khalid M. Al-Batanyeh,
• Ali Al-Radaideh,
• Mohammad A. Obeid,
• Abeer Al Sharabi,
• Walhan Alshaer,
• Bayan AbuFares,
• Tasnim Al-Zanati,
• Murtaza M. Tambuwala,
• Naveed Akbar and
• David J. Evans

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1983–1993, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.195

• as molecular imaging tools [8]. In general, NPs carry high contrast agent payloads in comparison to smaller moieties [9]. Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) are nanosized crystals, a photostable fluorophore with a broad excitation spectrum but narrow emission at wavelengths dependent on the size and

Engineered superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) for dual-modality imaging of intracranial glioblastoma via EGFRvIII targeting

• Xianping Liu,
• Chengjuan Du,
• Haichun Li,
• Ting Jiang,
• Zimiao Luo,
• Zhiqing Pang,
• Daoying Geng and
• Jun Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1860–1872, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.181

• imaging (MRI); molecular imaging; superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs); nanomedicine; tumor resection; Introduction Tumor resection is one of the most promising clinical treatments of glioblastoma, which is commonly associated with high mortality and inevitable tumor recurrence. To achieve

• a complete excision of tumors, the development of methods for accurate and efficient preoperative diagnosis and localization of glioblastoma is highly needed. Molecular imaging of tumor biomarkers is a powerful and important clinical diagnostic tool for noninvasive glioblastoma detection and

• for molecular imaging. A nanoprobe for the multimodal imaging of EGFRvIII overexpression in glioblastoma was constructed in the study. Compared with the EGFRvIII-antibody-functionalized iron oxide nanoparticles after convection-enhanced delivery (CED) to target EGFRvIII [35] and fluorescent-silica

Toxicity and safety study of silver and gold nanoparticles functionalized with cysteine and glutathione

• Barbara Pem,
• Igor M. Pongrac,
• Lea Ulm,
• Ivan Pavičić,
• Valerije Vrček,
• Darija Domazet Jurašin,
• Marija Ljubojević,
• Adela Krivohlavek and
• Ivana Vinković Vrček

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1802–1817, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.175

• nanoparticles (AuNPs) range from molecular imaging, targeted drug delivery, gene therapy, cancer treatment or radio-sensitization and theranostics [1][4][6]. Moreover, AgNPs and AuNPs are among the most investigated engineered nanomaterials for medical use. A search performed in the Web of Science (WoS

Direct growth of few-layer graphene on AlN-based resonators for high-sensitivity gravimetric biosensors

• Jimena Olivares,
• Teona Mirea,
• Lorena Gordillo-Dagallier,
• Bruno Marco,
• José Miguel Escolano,
• Marta Clement and
• Enrique Iborra

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 975–984, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.98

• surface of the Ni film suffered from restructuration during the CVD process that strongly depended on the heating rate. In order to assess the surface of the films after the growth of graphene, the samples were analysed by atomic force microscopy (AFM) using a Molecular Imaging Pico LE apparatus operated

Surface characterization of nanoparticles using near-field light scattering

• Eunsoo Yoo,
• Yizhong Liu,
• Chukwuazam A. Nwasike,
• Sebastian R. Freeman,
• Brian C. DiPaolo,
• Bernardo Cordovez and
• Amber L. Doiron

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1228–1238, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.114

• cell labeling, gene and drug delivery, molecular imaging, and biosensors [1][2][3][4]. Nanoparticles can be manipulated or modified to fulfill a specific, engineered purpose, partially through changing the surface chemistry or surface coating of the particle. As such, changes in particle surface

Kinetics of solvent supported tubule formation of Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) wax on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) investigated by atomic force microscopy

• Sujit Kumar Dora,
• Kerstin Koch,
• Wilhelm Barthlott and
• Klaus Wandelt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 468–481, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.45

• measurements were carried out with a Picoscan AFM (Molecular Imaging, Tempe, AZ, USA) with a PicoScan controller coupled with a MAC Mode controller. The system was used to operate in the MAC Mode employing type I MAC levers under ambient conditions. Type I MAC silicon cantilevers with a length of 90 µm and a

Optical techniques for cervical neoplasia detection

• Tatiana Novikova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1844–1862, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.186

• QDs for molecular imaging in cancer theranostics the possible side effects (toxicity, disruption of cellular processes) also need to be considered [90]. Mueller polarimetry There is an emerging set of optical techniques based on the detection of changes in the polarization of light instead of (or

Development of an advanced diagnostic concept for intestinal inflammation: molecular visualisation of nitric oxide in macrophages by functional poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) microspheres

• Kathleen Lange,
• Christian Lautenschläger,
• Maria Wallert,
• Stefan Lorkowski,
• Andreas Stallmach and
• Alexander Schiller

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1637–1641, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.163

• ; intestinal inflammation; microparticle; molecular imaging; nitric oxide; Introduction Inflammation and malignancies are fundamental aspects of many human diseases. Nitric oxide (NO) has been proposed to be an important mediator of inflammation and carcinogenesis. Chronic inflammation, as found in

• complex experimental set-ups prone to interferences [1]. Hence, the development of highly sensitive fluorescent sensors for NO imaging may improve its visualisation in vivo significantly [2]. Furthermore, molecular imaging of NO enables a better visualisation of intestinal functionalities, including

• -stimulated cells as determined by the Griess reaction (Figure 4). Conclusion We demonstrated the possibility of molecular imaging of NO at different concentrations and under different conditions using NO550-loaded PLGA microspheres in living macrophages. NO550 is converted by NO into an azo dye, which emits

Two-dimensional carbon-based nanocomposites for photocatalytic energy generation and environmental remediation applications

• Suneel Kumar,
• Ashish Kumar,
• Ashish Bahuguna,
• Vipul Sharma and
• Venkata Krishnan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1571–1600, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.159

• ], biosensors [25], molecular imaging [26], fuel cells [27] and catalysis [28]. The non-toxicity, abundance and the environmentally benign nature of these carbon-based materials makes them a remarkable class of materials with unique electrical and optical properties for diverse applications. In recent times

Comparison of four methods for the biofunctionalization of gold nanorods by the introduction of sulfhydryl groups to antibodies

• Xuefeng Wang,
• Zhong Mei,
• Yanyan Wang and
• Liang Tang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 372–380, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.39

• biomedicine, including biosensing [1][2][3], photothermal therapy [4][5][6], molecular imaging [7][8], and controlled drug delivery [5][9] because of their distinct optical properties, i.e., high refractive index sensitivity and a tunable longitudinal plasmon band by varying the aspect ratio [10][11]. However

• bond, respectively [22][23]. Joshi et al. reported that antibodies can directly bind with GNRs via modified Fc portions for specific molecular imaging by using PEG6-CONHNH2 [23]. However, the preparation of GNRs for biosensing through PEG6-CONHNH2 modification has yet to be examined. Another

Controlled graphene oxide assembly on silver nanocube monolayers for SERS detection: dependence on nanocube packing procedure

• Martina Banchelli,
• Bruno Tiribilli,
• Roberto Pini,
• Luigi Dei,
• Paolo Matteini and
• Gabriella Caminati

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 9–21, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.2

• analysis software to estimate adsorbed mass and film thickness [45]. AFM measurements. Non-contact AC mode atomic force microscopy (AFM) images were acquired in air using a PicoSPM microscope equipped with an AC-mode controller (Keysight Technologies, Inc formerly Molecular Imaging). For optimal resolution

Stick–slip behaviour on Au(111) with adsorption of copper and sulfate

• Nikolay Podgaynyy,
• Sabine Wezisla,
• Christoph Molls,
• Shahid Iqbal and
• Helmut Baltruschat

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 820–830, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.85

• (Molecular Imaging) fitted with an electrochemical cell. The nominal spring constants of the commercial Si cantilevers used (Veeco MPP-31100) were 0.65 N/m. The torsional force constant was determined via Sader's method [29] to be 190 N/m. This method is based on the measurement of the resonant frequency and

Localized surface plasmon resonances in nanostructures to enhance nonlinear vibrational spectroscopies: towards an astonishing molecular sensitivity

• Dan Lis and
• Francesca Cecchet

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2275–2292, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.237

Nanoscale patterning of a self-assembled monolayer by modification of the molecule–substrate bond

• Cai Shen and
• Manfred Buck

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 258–267, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.28

• characterisation and patterning was done with a PicoPlus microscope (Molecular Imaging) including a bipotentiostat and PicoLITH software. The tips were fabricated by chemically etching a Pt/Ir (80:20, GoodFellow) wire in a 2 M KSCN/0.5 M KOH mixture applying an AC current. Subsequently, they were coated with

Electron-beam patterned self-assembled monolayers as templates for Cu electrodeposition and lift-off

• Zhe She,
• Andrea DiFalco,
• Georg Hähner and
• Manfred Buck

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 101–113, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.11

• structures were characterised by scanning electron microscopy (Hitachi S4800) and atomic force microscopy (PicoPlus, Molecular Imaging). Using Veeco NPS10 nonconductive silicon nitride tips (spring constant 0.06 N/m) AFM images were recorded in contact mode by using forces between 7 and 13 nN and scan rates

• of 0.9 to 1.2 Hz. Images were analysed using either the Picoscan software (Molecular Imaging) or Gwyddion. For the roughness analysis of the AFM topography images (4 × 4 µm2, 512 × 512 pixels) images were line-corrected by matching to the height median, and horizontal scars were removed. The root

Effect of the environment on the electrical conductance of the single benzene-1,4-diamine molecule junction

• Shigeto Nakashima,
• Yuuta Takahashi and
• Manabu Kiguchi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 755–759, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.83

• -molecule junctions were fabricated in an electrochemical cell mounted in a chamber, which was filled with high-purity N2 gas (purity >99.999%) in order to avoid any effects of oxygen and water in the air. The conductance measurements were performed by using electrochemical STM (Pico-SPM, Molecular Imaging

STM visualisation of counterions and the effect of charges on self-assembled monolayers of macrocycles

• Tibor Kudernac,
• Natalia Shabelina,
• Wael Mamdouh,
• Sigurd Höger and
• Steven De Feyter

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 674–680, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.72

• Tibor Kudernac Natalia Shabelina Wael Mamdouh Sigurd Hoger Steven De Feyter Department of Chemistry, Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Laboratory of Photochemistry and Spectroscopy, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium Molecular Nanofabrication

Recrystallization of tubules from natural lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) wax on a Au(111) surface

• Sujit Kumar Dora and
• Klaus Wandelt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 261–267, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.30

• tape. AFM measurements were carried out with a Picoscan AFM (Molecular Imaging, Tempe, AZ, USA) with a PicoScan controller coupled with a MAC Mode controller. The system was operated in MAC Mode AFM employing type I MAC levers under ambient conditions. The type I MAC levers are silicon cantilevers with